1993年考研英语阅览第三篇全文翻译宽和析—这篇文章介绍专利权的期限…

when an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea secret, or patent it.

当创造家创造了一件创造，他可以做三件作业：他可以将这件创造公诸于世，也可以保存隐秘，或许也可认为这件创造请求专利权。

a granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and the state, by which



the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly (独占) and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period terminates.

附和了的专利是创造家和国家还价还价的成果，创造家享受一段时刻的独占权，在这段时刻之后，他有必要发布其创造的一切细节。

only in the most exceptional circumstances is the lifespan of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.

只需在极特别的情况下专利的期限才可以被延伸以改动作业的正常进程。

the longest extension ever granted was to georges valensi; his 1939 patent for color tv receiver circuitry was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no colour tv to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention.

迄令中止附和的最长的延期公布了乔治瓦伦西，他1939年的五颜六色电视接收机电路体系的专利被延伸至1971年，因为在该专利的大有些有用期里根柢没有五颜六色电视节目，因而该创造没有获利的期望。

because a patent remains permanently public after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the patent office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if older than half a century, sometimes even re-patent.

因为一项专利在其有用期中止后将永久公之于众，因而附归于专利机构的图书馆的书架上保藏有至少上百万种创造主意供任何人免费运用，假定它们现已存在半个多世纪，有时分甚至被我们用于从头请求专利。

indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent.

实际上，专利专家常常向期望避开运用有用专利的高昂价值的我们主张，避免侵略任何其他创造者权力的一个满有掌控的办法就是剽窃一个现已失效的专利。

likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print. much modern technological advance is based on these presumptions of legal security.

相同，因为现已以任何其他方法宣告的主意不能再用于请求专利，因而保存的做法是从其他揭露的有关领域获得构思。许多现代技能的打破就是根据这样的法令保证条件。

anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most “new” ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills.

任何亲近参加专利和创造作业的人都很马上解到大有些“新”思维实践上都很陈腐。

it is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology, that makes news and money.

正是出于需要或奉献，或因为得到新技能而使想象变换为商业行为，它们创造了新闻和经济效益。

the basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886. many of the original ideas behind television originate from the late 19th and early 20th century. even the volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.

磁记载理论的根柢专利要追溯到1886年。许多关于电视机的开始主意都来自于19世纪末20世纪初。甚至1904年一项马在后边的马车专利就预示了群众后置建议机轿车的诞生。

26.

[答案]d

[解析] 本题查核的常识点是：文章主旨

文章先在第二、三段介绍了专利的一些特征，又在第四段阐明特别情况下专利期限的延伸，然后用许多篇幅阐明怎样使用一些别人已有的但不再受维护的主意来进行新的创造创造，并进而获得专利或专利权，也就是谈论如何接近并有用使用专利。[d]选项是对文章主旨的归纳，是正确答案。

[a]、[b]选项不是文章首要论说的论题。[c]选项中use不如access to 精确。access to 意为“接近（进入，获得）……的机缘或权力”，use只需“运用”之意。

27.

[答案] c

[解析]本题查核的常识点是：细节对错判别。

关于对错题，可采纳打扫法。

[a]选项中if necessary与第五段第一句话指出的从头请求专利的条件if older than half a century不符。

[b]选项与首段所指的当创造面世时，创造者可以有三种选择相悖。

[c]选项与第二段中the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly and publishes all the details of his invention to the public after that period terminates内容共同，为正确答案。

[d]选项错在patented invention，第五段第一句话中a patent remains permanently public after it has terminated偏重只需专利权失效后才会公之于众。

28.

[答案] b

[解析] 本题查核的常识点是：文章细节

文章第三段指出在特别情况下可延伸专利期限。然后在第四段作者以乔治瓦伦西为例，对“极端特别”这个条件进行说明。他的专利获得延期的缘由是：because for most of the patents’ normal life there was no color tv to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention，也就是说在他的创造专利的大有些有用期内，该专利没有得到使用。[b]选项与原文相符，为正确答案。

[a]选项尽管呈现了原文中的词语reward，但原文指的是“不能获利”，而该项指的是“别人收购他的专利”。

[c]选项将原文中的“根柢没有五颜六色电视节目”掉包成“很稀有电视台供给五颜六色节目”。

[d]选项时刻差错，乔治瓦伦西在1939年就获得了彩电接收器的专利权。

29.

[答案] a

[解析] 本题查核的常识点是：词语释义

第五段第二句指出与运用有用专利（live patent）比较，失效的专利（dead patent）可以节约高额费用，还不会带来侵权的费事。[a]选项为正确答案。plagiarize是“剽窃，抄袭”的意思，与选项中的steal是近义词。其他选项都没有体现plagiarize的意义。

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[解析] 本题查核的常识点是：推理引申

本题可经过打扫法解题。

[a]选项与第六段第二句it is their reduction to commercial practice… that makes news and money内容共同，是正确选项。

[b]选项中的“产品”与“创造”之间的联络文中没有触及。

[c]选项中对不一样专利收购费用的比照在文章中没有触及。

[d]选项与文章第五段第二句…patent experts



often advise anyone …不符，从该句可知，对过期专利进行研讨的人是听取专家定见的人，而不是专家自己，[d]选项搞错了动作的施动者，故不正确。