2007年考研英语阅览真题及解析【第三篇】(2007年考研英语真题答案)

passage3注解：标题为赤色，翻译为蓝色，分析为绿色。 ????????during the past generation, the american middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realties. now a pink slip(粉色的滑倒，指的是职工辞退告诉书), a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse(爱人) can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.?
????????in just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. today’s families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. as a result, they have lost the parachute(降低伞，维护伞) they once had in times of financial setback(波折，阻止)—a back-up earner (usually mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. this “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. but today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.
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1.of all stripes在这儿是许多的条纹的意思，言外之意就是“形形色色多种多样的”
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????????during the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. for much of the past year, president bush campaigned to move social security to a savings-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investmentreturns. for younger families, the picture(这儿picture,代指“这种情况，年青家庭情况”)?is not any better. both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen—and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to wal-mart workers, with much higher deductibles([稳妥]免赔额) and a large new dose of investment risk for families’ future healthcare. even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent—and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance—have jumped eightfold in just one generation.
????????from the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale(批发的，大规划的(这儿取这个意思))?shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. the financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.
一、文章规划分析这是一篇谈论文。
这篇文章是一篇关于美国中产阶层面临危机的文章，
第一段指呈如今的美国中产阶层很难坚持经济情况平稳，
第二段分析缘由之一：母亲外上班作使家庭的经济风险上升。
第三段分析缘由之二：布什政府的变革办法、安康储蓄方案的推出都对中产阶层家庭提出了新的应战，即家庭被需求承担的经济风险和担负添加。
最终一段总结了上述经济挟制，即政府把金融风险转嫁给中产阶层家庭，并指出经济疑问可以会带来政治成果。

31. today’s double-income families are at greater financial risk in that
[a] the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.
[b] their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.
[c] they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics.
[d] they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance.
31．如今的双职工家庭面临更大的财务风险，是因为 。
[a] 他们早年具有的平安保证不见了
[b] 他们被辞退的概率大大添加了
[c] 他们更简略因家庭经济情况改变而遭到冲击
[d] 他们被掠夺了赋闲或残疾稳妥金

32. as a result of president bush’s reform, retired people may have
[a] a higher sense of security.
[b] less secured payments.
[c] less chance to invest.
[d] a guaranteed future.
32．布什总统的变革行动的成果是，退休人员可以具有 。
[a] 更强的平安感
[b] 付款风险更大
[c] 更少的出资机缘
[d] 一个有保证的将来

33. according to the author, health-savings plans will
[a] help reduce the cost of healthcare.
[b] popularize among the middle class.
[c] compensate for the reduced pensions.
[d] increase the families’ investment risk.
33．根据作者所说，安康储蓄方案将 。
[a] 有助于削减医疗保健费用
[b] 在中产阶层中得到广泛
[c] 抵偿削减的养老金
[d] 添加家庭的出资风险

34. it can be inferred from the last paragraph that
[a] financial risks tend to outweigh political risks.
[b] the middle class may face greater political challenges.
[c] financial problems may bring about political problems.
[d] financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.
34．从末段可以揣度出 。
[a] 财务方面的风险一般跨越政治风险
[b] 中产阶层可以面临更大的政治应战
[c] 财务方面的疑问或许会带来政治疑问
[d] 财务方面的责任是政治方位的方针

35. which of the following is the best title for this text?
[a] the middle class on the alert
[b] the middle class on the cliff
[c] the middle class in conflict
[d] the middle class in ruins
35．以下哪一项是这篇文章的最佳标题？
[a] 警惕的中产阶层
[b] 处于风险边缘的中产阶层
[c] 处在敌对中的中产阶层
[d] 式微的中产阶层

二、中心词汇与超纲词汇1. middle-class adj. 中层社会的，中产阶层的
2. count on 依托，盼望
3. fair play 按规则竞赛；公正就事
4. pink slip 辞退告诉书
5. spouse n. 爱人(指夫或妻
6

. debate v./ n. 争论，争辩
7. implication n. 牵连，意义，暗示
8. parachute n. 降低伞
9. disruption n. 中止，割裂，损坏
10. absorb vt. 吸收，招引
11. retirement income 退休收入
12. stock market 股市商场
13. fluctuation n. 不坚决, 高低
14. harsh adj. 粗糙的；尖利的；严肃的
15. outlive v. 比……龟龄，比……耐久
16. campaign v. 参加运动，领导运动
17. legislative adj. 立法的 n. 立法机关
18. deductible adj. 可扣减的
19. demographic adj. 人员计算学的
20. odds n. 可以的机缘，几率
21. attendant adj. 伴随的，趁便的
22. perspective n. 视点，观念；前景
23. acceleration n. 加速度
24. wholesale n. 批发，趸售 adj. 批发的
25. overburden vt. 担负过多 n. 过重的担负
26. fallout n. (坏的)成果
三、阅览答案：c b d c b四、全文翻译：? ????????在上一代人中，正本依托尽力作业和公正竞赛就能坚持经济情况平稳的美国中产阶层家庭因经济风险和新的实际情况而发生了改变。如今，一张辞退告诉书，一个恶性确诊成果，或许爱人的离去，都可以使一个安靖的中产阶层家庭在几个月内变成新的贫穷户。
????????只是大约一代人的时刻里，数百万母亲出去作业，然后改动了根柢的家庭经济规划。各行各业的专家、方针拟定者以及批判家都在谈论这些改变的社领会义，可是很稀有人看到其副作用：家庭风险也前进了。如今家庭的开支核算抵达了新的双薪家庭的极限。成果，他们失掉了经济困登时期的“维护伞”——当家庭首要经济支柱赋闲或患病时还有替补者(一般是母亲)可以出去作业。“非有必要作业者作用”可以加强赋闲稳妥或伤残稳妥供给的平安保证，以协助家庭渡过难关。可是如今，家庭工业遭受的无量丢掉再也不能经过正本赋闲在家的另一半获得的作业得以抵偿。
????????与此一起，家庭被需求承担更多的退休收入方面的风险。钢铁工人、航空公司雇员以及如今轿车公司的职工都正在参加上百万家庭的部队，这些家庭有必要担忧利率、股市商场的不坚决以及退休金不可用的严肃实际。上一年的多半年之中，布什总统尽力于将社会保证体系变成自个储蓄账户方法。在这种方法下，退休人员将他们的大有些或悉数有保证的退休金变为依靠酬谢率的出资。关于较年青的家庭来说，境况也不比晚年人家庭非常好。医疗保健的必定本钱以及其间家庭承担的比例都已前进，而且新近盛行的安康储蓄方案正从议会大厅撒播到沃尔玛超市的职工那里。此方案意味着将来家庭的医疗保健将需要付出更高的预付额并面临许多新增的出资风险。甚至人员计算学的计算成果(人员规划改变)都对中产阶层家庭晦气，家庭中呈现一个年迈力衰的父(母)亲——以?嬷吹木途眯男枰募嘎试谝淮说氖笨汤锾砑恿?倍。
????????可以了解，从中产阶层家庭的视点看，上述表象根柢不像是实施更多经济责任的机缘，而是把经济风险大规划转移到他们现已不堪重负的肩膀上的加速进程。经济不良成果现已闪现，政治影响也不会太远了。