【真题解析】四川美术学院环艺考研2021年头试真题——地铁站进口…(2023四川行测真题解析)
考研的意义在于你真实投入的进程，请有必要坚持崇奉，守得云开见月明！
接近考研咱们和同学们相同严峻，也时刻重视着本年考研的动态，对每年的各专业的考研标题研讨解析，这篇文章是关于川美环艺考研真题做的深度解析！（时刻更新历年真题中）
一、真题展示?
二、场所需求?
地铁站出进口设置在市区富贵地段一处空位上，单面出入。
三、标准需求?
出进口控制在宽度不跨越5米，长度不跨越10米的占地巨细。出进口地上需求高于大街0.3米。
手绘表达一下图示:平面图、立面图、剖面图、作用图体现应思考地铁站logo、标牌。平立剖面标示相应的标准，方案合理，图示清楚、具有创渎特征。
注:考试时刻: 6h东西:铅笔、马克笔、彩铅及其他材料
四、标题解读?
1、标题给到了非常清楚的标准需求：“出进口控制在宽度不跨越 5 米，长度不跨越 10 米的占地巨细。出进口地上需求高于大街 0.3 米”，要严肃依照标题需求对空间标准进行方案。
因而在进行立异方案之前要对地铁站进口的根柢形状有一个晓得，关于一个常规的轻轨站进口来说大约具有哪一些基础设备设备：主动扶梯、楼梯、进口标志、栏杆等。
2、地铁站设置在富贵地段的空位上，在作用图体现中要把周围场景的那种喧嚣、富贵的空气体现出来，而不是盲意图把之前背好的公园植物背景堆上去，选用恰当的背景可以非常好的烘托出构筑物，体现出更强的在地势、场域特征。
3、留心打破常规轻轨站进口的“方盒子”形状，可以斗胆测验拼接元素，或许曲线元素进行外壳方案，也可以在常规的构筑物方形形状上融入新的元素，作为包装元素，各种方法不限。总之就是方案出一些现有轻轨站进口所不具有的一些形状，结束标题给到的立异性需求。
构筑物形状分析
地铁站进口的方案可以打破常规的方形空间，方案可所以一个由曲线组组成的一个外型空间，其形状和元素可所以任何来历，比方山、水。可以给到进口一个“主题”定位，其间一个思路就是可以获取天然物的形状或许特征，加以变形组合构成咱们所需要的建筑物体。在整个考试中会显得更具有特征。
也可以根据原有方形形状做一些改变，比方将环境与方案构筑物的联络拉的愈加亲近，光与影的联络也可所以作用表达和方案言语表达的一个侧要点。
五、演示快题?
appreciation towards?nefa architects?for providing the following description:
2014年，strelka kb根据mosco
marchitecture的需求，举办了一个世界竞赛，建筑事务所nefa architects提交的方案方案拔得了头筹。
in 2014 our project was chosen through an international open call held by strelka kb upon request of moscomarchitecture.
▼地铁站俯瞰图，bird-eye’s view of the metro station
这个地铁站的方案概念紧扣基地的环境特征，首要树立在两个主题之上：一是阳光，二是名为“dacha”的俄国夏日乡下邸宅所特有的建筑元素和斜坡房顶。值得一提的是，这两个主题都来历于solntsevo区域的一段前史——
20世纪20年代到30年代的时分，这儿曾是最早的指定工人久居点之一。
the concept is site specific and based on two main
subjects: sun light, its architectural comprehension and a
characteristic slope roof of a summer cottage “dacha”. name of the site
inspired the sun motif and the slope roof motif came from the history of
the area, that in 1920s and 30s was one of the first places designated
for workers settlements.
▼地铁站方案概念，选用斜坡房顶，design concept, the station uses the element of?slope roof
地铁站的地上有些由一系列白色混凝土板拼装而成。混凝土板的表面皮具有重复呈现的笔直凹槽纹路，与板跟板之间的接缝相平行，一起，这些可见的凹槽纹路也杰出了立面的节奏韵律。
▼地铁站地上有些外观前景，由一系列白色混凝土穿孔板拼装而成，distant exterior view
of the?outdoor pavilions that are?assembled from a number of white
perforated concrete panels
▼地铁站地上有些部分外观近景，混凝土板的表面皮具有重复呈现的笔直凹槽纹路，与板跟板之间的接缝相平行，partial
close exterior view of the?outdoor pavilions,?on the outside concrete
is textured with vertical grooves that are repeating the lines of joints
between panels
the outdoor pavilions are assembled from a number of
white concrete panels, on the outside concrete is textured with vertical
grooves that are repeating the lines of joints between panels. the
notches are visible in order to highlight the rhythm of the facade.
▼地铁站雪景前景，distant exterior view of the metro station when it’s snowing
▼透过玻璃看地铁站的进口，viewing the entrance of the metro station through the glass
阳光透过地铁站地上有些的穿孔板房顶，在地上投射下斑斓的光影作用，而在地下大厅中，建筑师也运用了相同的办法来创造光影作用，仅有的不一样之处在于：地下大厅运用的是人工光。
▼阳光透过穿孔板投射出光影作用，the?effect of light and shadow created by the perforated roof
▼地上之上和地上之下选用相同的办法和不一样的光源来创造光影作用，the entrance pavilions
and?the underground halls create the light and shadow effect by the
same approach but different lights
perforation of the entrance pavilions creates an
effect of sunbeams penetrating the roof, in the underground halls we use
same effect but generated by reflected artificial light instead of
daylight.
▼地铁站的地上进口，the?overground entrance of the entrance
▼地铁站的地上进口，阳光透过穿孔板投射出光影作用，the?overground entrance of
the entrance, sunlight penetrates the perforated roof, creating
the?effect of light and shadow
▼黄色的售票厅，the yellow ticket hall
▼地铁站的地下候车大厅，使用巨细纷歧的圆形人工光源创造光影作用，the underground
halls, creating the light and shadow effect by round artificial light in
different sizes
▼地铁站的地下候车大厅，设有凹凸纷歧的圆柱形灯柱，the underground halls with the?cylindrical light?lampstandards in different heights
▼地铁站的地下候车大厅，圆柱形灯柱可作为歇息空间，the underground halls, the?cylindrical light?lampstandards can act as the seating space
▼候车大厅的墙面和天花板细节，details of the wall and the ceiling of the underground hall
▼傍晚时分的地铁站，exterior view of the metro station at dusk
▼地铁站外馆夜景，night view of the metro station
▼地铁站地上有些剖面图，section of the overground metro station
▼地铁站地上有些剖面规划详图，construction details of section of the overground metro station
▼候车大厅平面图，plan of the platform
client: mosinzhproektarchitects: nefa architectslocation: moscow, russiachief architect: dmitry ovcharovauthors team: dmitry ovcharov, elena mertsalova, viktor kolupaevarchitects: margarita kornienko, maria tarasovavisualization: dmitry tridenov, rustam yusupovchief engineer: sergey kurepinproject management: daria turkinatotal area: 3935 sqmyear: 2021photographs: ilya ivanovfurniture (manufacturers / products):1. krost concern – white concrete panels2. lik, panorama – stained glass window3. artcor – white cylindrical objects on the platform (acrylic stone)4. albes – perforated ceiling metal panels5. lightning- tochka opory promelectrosvet
六、实践事例二?
appreciation towards?zaha hadid architects?for providing the following description:
莫斯科的地铁体系每年运送25亿名乘客，顶峰时刻的日运送量接近1000万人次，而且仍在跟着不断增加的城市人员而持续扩展。在曩昔的20年间，莫斯科的人员数量增加了300多万（跨越30%），当前已抵达1250万。
新修的bolshaya koltsevaya地铁线（大环线）是莫斯科的第三条环城线路，将显着地增强交通网络的承载量和联接性。其间，于2021年注册的路段至今现已运送了约5800万名乘客。整条线路估计将在将来几年内建成，到时环线的长度将接近70公里。
transporting 2.5 billion passengers each year with a
peak daily usage of almost 10 million, the moscow metro continues to
expand to serve the city’s increasing population that has grown by more
than 3 million (over 30%) to 12.5 million people in the past 20 years.
the new bolshaya koltsevaya line (large circle line)
is the city’s third orbital metro line and will significantly increase
the capacity and connectivity of the network. approximately 58 million
passengers have already used its sections that opened in 2021. the
entire new orbital metro line will be almost 70km in length when
completed in the coming years.
▼地铁站进口，entrance??zaha hadid architects
klenoviy boulevard 2号地铁站位于城市东南部nagatinsky
zaton区的中心肠带，将变成大环线和将来biryulevskaya地铁线路之间的换乘站。其间，biryulevskaya线还将直接连通南部的kuryanovo区、biryulyovo区以及市中心区域。
新车站位于klenoviy大道与kolomenskaya大街的交汇处，将为整个区域的居民带来极大的便当，一起还将供给通往莫斯科河畔备受等待的kolomenskoye博物馆维护区及其390公顷的公园的途径。地铁站的方案供给了全部而直观的导航体系，并在照明和乘客信息体系方面完成了立异，为莫斯科闻名的地铁体系界说出下一代车站的典范。
at the heart of the nagatinsky zaton district in the
city’s southeast, klenoviy boulevard station 2 will be the interchange
between the orbital bolshaya koltsevaya line and the future
biryulevskaya line that will connect kuryanovo and biryulyovo districts
to the south directly with the city centre.
located at klenoviy boulevard’s intersection with
kolomenskaya street to optimise convenience for residents throughout the
district, the new station will also offer access to the popular
kolomenskoye museum-reserve and its 390-hectacre park on the banks of
the moscow river.?providing intuitive navigation throughout, the design
incorporates new innovations in lighting and passenger information
systems to define the next generation of stations on moscow’s renowned
metro system.
▼地铁站外观，pavilion??zaha hadid architects
站台层的一系列立柱在形体上展示出共同性，而实践上每根柱子的形状都略有不一样，暗示着其与站台中心的间隔。这些立柱被描写为引导乘客行进的“箭头”，与天花板和地上上的灯线相照顾，联系了寻路标识和功用性照明，一起起到提示站台边缘的作用。
a series of columns on the station’s platforms are
shaped to express instances of the same form being marginally distorted
as it moves through space, with each column being a slight variation in
form to signify its distance from the centre of the platform.?the
columns are developed as ‘arrows’ that direct passengers and also
integrate lines of light on the ceiling and the floors to provide
way-finding, functional lighting and signify platform edges.
▼站台层，platform level??zaha hadid architects
灯火方案旨在丰厚车站环境并为乘客供给方向引导。站台的光照条件可以进行调度，以提示乘客列车即将抵达。动态的照明体系则可以让乘客愈加简略地辨识自个的方位。
the station’s lighting has been developed to enrich
the environment and orientate travellers as they navigate through its
spaces. platform lighting conditions adjust to inform waiting passengers
of a train’s impending arrival, while a dynamic lighting system further
enhances passenger orientation throughout the station.
▼售票区域进口，ticketing entrance??zaha hadid architects
klenoviy boulevard
2号地铁站以直观的导航为特征，将凭仗不断健壮的地铁网络将nagatinsky
zaton区的居民和游客与整个莫斯科市联接起来。该车站的方案旨在让通行变得愈加舒畅、愉悦和平安，经过新的技能来调整内部的环境条件，为乘客带来抱负的领会和清楚明晰的实时网络信息。
defined by intuitive navigation, klenoviy boulevard
station 2 connects residents and visitors to nagatinsky zaton with all
of moscow via the city’s expanding metro network. designed to make
transport comfortable, enjoyable and safe, the station integrates new
technologies that adjusts interior environment conditions to enhance
passengers’ experience and provide clear, real-time information of the
network.
▼售票区，ticketing area??zaha hadid architects
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