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考研需要准备什么？
在回答你之前，我想先问你另外一个问题:
对于考研，你真的做好心理准备了吗？
好了，给你一篇回答的时间思考一下，我先正儿八经的回答一下你所补充的问题，差不多五个问题，我们一个一个来说…….
q1:如何选择专业q2:如何选择院校q3:英语、政治、数学考研具体内容q4:公共课复习资料以及大致的复习计划q5:专业课资料如何获取以及专业课复习方向
首先，给你梳理一下考研复习过程中重要的几个时间节点:

q1:专业如何选择（针对跨专业的同学）之所以先回答这个问题，我是想告诉你“专业先行”真的很重要。（如果你非985/211不上，就另当别论啦~）在报名之前，你可能会根据院校复试规则或者招生人数的骤减而更换考试内容相差无几的院校，但是在九月你再更换专业，短短4个月的时间跨专业备考，难道是等着当炮灰吗？

关于如何选择专业，给大家几点建议:

如果你想报考的专业是你自己感兴趣的，自己一定要亲自去了解一下这专业未来的就业方向和工作内容是否是你所感兴趣的。如果你想报考的专业是现在比较好就业的专业，你要认真的通过直系学长学姐去了解这个专业所学习的内容你是否有能力、有毅力坚持的学下去。一个好就业的专业，不只是一个硕士证书的含金量就能衡量的。如果你只是想考一个容易考的专业，只是想提高学历，拿一个硕士学位证书，可以尽量选择不考数学，专业课统考的专业。

ps:关于不考数学的专业，我之前有整理过，大家可以参考一下:
还有，每个人的志向兴趣不同，如何选择专业的方法也就不同，不知道怎么选择专业的盆友可以把你的问题整理一下，尽最大能力给大家一些意见~

q2: 院校如何选择？关于院校的选择:你需要做的是认清楚自己and看明白学校的难度
先说说学校的难度:
其实看某个学校的考研难度，至少需要看三个数据:复试线，复试比例，报录比，
复试的国家线一般在初试之后次年的3月中旬公布，所以我们可以参照往年的分数线进行参考（院校线请参考目标院校），有的学校会有多个学院开设同一个专业，所以各个学院的院线可能有所不同；复试比例是计划招生人数和进入复试的比例 ，一般在目标院校的招生简章中可以找到-（如果复试比例偏高，那么报考的手就要慎重考虑了，一来复试国家线和院校线的参考价值会不那么大，二来竞争也是更加激烈~）报录比主要是报考人数和实际录取人数的比例，差距越大，竞争越大。一般来说越好的学校一般都不会公布，大家可以直接百度“xx学校xx专业的报录比”或者自己找报考人数和实际录取人数计算比例。还有以上信息怎么收集呢，大家可以参考一下这个回答:
这个回答已经34k了，从反馈来看，让很多同学都收集到了一些考研信息~方法还是很有用滴哦~

再来说说认清楚自己:
你要知道的是:我们既要仰望星空，也要脚踏实地。
通过大学三四年散养式学习方式想必你也应该清楚了自己的自制力了吧！如果每次考试都是临时抱佛脚，还要三天打鱼两天晒网式的学习，建议在选择院校的时候就不要选择远远高于自己能力水平之上的学校！
还有，如果自己的基础特别差，政英数、专业课各科都不占优势，自己复习的效率又不高，又想一战成功率大些，建议不要选择自主划线的34所学校，能保证过国家线十几分左右就能被录取的学校是最好的选择。当然了，这类学校也许只能满足某些人需要研究生学历的要求。对就业的助攻自然不如专业排名靠前竞争力大的学校大。

最后关于院校选择的一点小建议:
1.如果你选择的是基础理论类专业，比如教育学、心理学、民族学、历史学、社会学等专业，选择院校的时候可以认准名校，有名的综合性大学或师范类院校。
2.如果你选择的是职能型专业，比如经济学、金融学、电子商务、传媒、艺术类专业，选择院校的时候就最好选择专业的大学，例如财经大学，工商大学，经贸大学，戏剧学院等等，就不要刻意去追求名校了。这些专业的大学不管是专业知识的学习还是学位证的含金量都是不错的。
3.如果你选择的是技术型专业，比如土木建筑，冶金、农林业，食品工程等专业，选择学校的时候要认准专业认可度，不要过于纠结学校名气。
4.如果你选择的是医学类和法律类专业，选择院校的时候就要注意专业认可度以及地域情况啦。
5. 在选择目标院校的时候，最好选择2-3所考试内容一样，难度层次不同的学校。第一所是在你能力范围内触手可及的，第二所是在努力七八个月之后完全有能力考上的，第三所是拼尽全力冲刺有机会考上的学校。这样在院校复试政策有所调整的时候，能够及时止损?（万一你梦寐以求的学校，复试线降低，招生人数增多，准备着了，这大馅饼不是来了吗?）
考研也算是一场赌博，如果没有能承受失败的心理，就不要妄想破釜沉舟，一击即中！所以备选两三所院校吧，给自己一条退路~

q3:公共课科目的具体考试内容除了我之前所提到的不考数学的专业，其他专业公共课一般都会考政治、英语、数学！
[政治篇]

【英语篇】

【数学篇】
关于考研考什么，到底和高中有什么区别，最直观得当然就是真题了。如果想知道自己考研的难度和自己的水平，可以尝试着做一下历年真题，这样自己心里才最有底~
2010-2019年的真题:历年考研真题及答案解析汇总下载（数学、英语、政治） –
q4:公共课参考资料及复习规划关于资料，你必须知道的是:资料在精不在多，适合自己就好~
下面是之前应邀整理的一下资料书，只是作为一个学生的使用感给大家一个客观的参考~

【英语篇】
资料书:
单词:《 绿皮书》+ 单词app:适合喜欢无关乱序记忆的同学《恋练有词》+恋练有词考研英语小程序:适合擅长词根词缀联想记忆的同学 红宝书:适合词汇量低于4500的同学扩充词汇量十天搞定考研单词:适合记忆力好有毅力的同学短时间内冲刺记忆单词语法:田静句句真研:分为简单句，长难句和长难句解析，适合语法基础较薄弱的同学打牢语法基础和巩固语法唐静拆分与组合翻译:适合有一定语法基础的同学掌握翻译技巧何凯文长难句解密:适合有一定语法基础的同学掌握长难句分析技巧真题:张剑黄皮书/考研真相（英语一）； 考研圣经（英语二）
复习规划:

【政治篇】
资料书:
政治认准肖老（ ）就够了，不管是零政治基础还是基础较好的同学， 大礼包是完全能够应付考研政治的~ 大礼包= 精讲精练+ 1000题+肖四肖八复习规划:

【数学篇】
资料书:
关于数学的资料书有很多，下面是我根据不同基础的同学整理出来的参考用书:数学基础较差=同济浙大版教材+ 复习全书+ 1800(或 历年真题解析）+ 660+考研数学历年真题详解（09-19）数学基础较好=李王复习全书+ 1000题（或2020考研数学真题大全解）+ 660+考研数学历年真题详解（09-19）其他的 36讲啊，辅导讲义以及真题模拟卷，大家可以根据自己的时间和基础进行调节~复习规划:
请注意:以上复习规划只是提供一个大致方向，仅供参考噢~详细的计划还是需要根据自己的基础和时间进行调节的~

q5:专业课资料在哪里可找到以及专业课复习方法

专业课参考书目

查找方式:“xx学校研究生院”→硕士招生（招生简章或下载中心）

2. 专业课真题
其他百度、贴吧、淘宝、闲鱼这些需要大家花时间精力去查证真伪的途径我就不说了，下面主要给大家说一些找资料的官方途径:
ps:找遍全网，最可靠的官方途径来了，还有部分院校的真题噢~
1）中国研究生招生信息网
查找方式:“院校库”→输入“目标院校”→“我要咨询”→“考研真题”

2）目标院校研究生网
查找方式:“xx学校研究生院”→招生目录（或下载中心）或者站内搜索关键词“研究生入学考试真题”

3）目标院校的图书馆
如果你的目标院校离自己生活的地方不远的话，可以去目标院校图书馆的考研专区去看看是否有收集专业课的真题。有的学校不会在官方网站上公布，但是学校自己有留存资料内部使用。。。
4）目标院校招生办
查找方式:目标院校的研究生官网→“联系我们”
如果通过以上官网都找不到专业课的真题，最直接的方法就只有打电话到研招办，礼貌询问一下研招办是否出售真题，把措辞这些想好了再和人家老师沟通。
5）直系学长学姐
大家在找直系学长学姐的时候要谨防假冒伪劣person！如果要在目标院校的考研交流群中找学长学姐，最好找官方建立的qq群，微信群；在和学长学姐联系上的时候，最好委、婉、的邀请学长学姐给你看一下学生证等身份证件，确保真实性，但是也免不了有的人东拼西凑组成的真题试卷，所以全靠火眼金睛斗争斗恶~
也可以通过一些辅导机构找寻直系学长学姐，一般的辅导机构都会验证这些学长学姐的资质，毕竟人家也不会砸了自己的招牌~

搜遍全网查证，以下学校的真题是在网站上可以找到的，其他学校就需要用2.3.4.5的方法自己查找了:
安徽师范大学 北京化工大学 北京科技大学 常州大学:
重庆理工大学 电子科技大学 广东工业大学 广西民族大学:
桂林电子科技大学 湖南农业大学

3. 专业课复习规划
由于每个盆友的专业课都不一样，所以大致说一下复习的方向:
好了，整个考研需要准备的物质上的东西都说得差不多了，我们再回到最先的问题:你心里真的准备好考研了吗？
你真的准备好起早贪黑，硬坐硬背，全天候动脑复习至少8h+的日子吗？
你真的准备好连续七八个月80%以上的时间呆在考研自习室，图书馆的生活吗？
你真的能在压力倍增的情况下坚持下来吗？
你真的准备好了吗？
are u ready~
之前有同学说看了我考研整个备考流程，突然就不想考研了…其实我真的不是想劝退你们（无辜~），这些个中酸楚在考研过程中大部分都是我自己亲身经历过的，考研关乎着未来两三年甚至一辈子的事情，望慎之又慎~
考研并不是孤独的旅程，科学高效的学习方法会让你少走很多弯路，学姐建了一个考研交流群来 大家打卡学习（文中提到的学习文档群里会同步更新），自个儿备考没方向没动力的同学快来找研友作伴啦→点此直接进入